Description

American Hazelnut – 1 Yr Old Seedling

Overview

The American Hazelnut (Corylus americana) is a versatile, fast-growing deciduous shrub or small tree known for its adaptability and ability to produce delicious, edible nuts. With its dense growth and attractive foliage, it’s ideal for hedgerows, windbreaks, or ornamental planting. The tree’s nuts are prized by humans and wildlife alike, making it a functional and beautiful addition to your landscape.

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American Hazelnut Native Range

Native to North America, the American Hazelnut thrives in woodlands, forest edges, and open fields across the eastern and central United States.

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Growth and Form

• Height: Grows 8–15 feet at maturity.
• Spread: Forms a multi-stemmed shrub with a spread of 10–12 feet.
• Growth Rate: Moderate to fast, growing 12–24 inches per year.
• Foliage: Rounded, serrated green leaves turn yellow in fall.
• Bark: Smooth, grayish-brown bark adds winter interest.

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Ecological Benefits

• Wildlife Habitat: Provides nuts, nesting sites, and cover for birds and mammals.
• Pollinator Friendly: Early spring catkins offer a food source for pollinators.
• Soil Stabilization: Dense root systems help prevent erosion.

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American Hazelnut Hardiness and Climate Tolerance

• Hardiness Zones: 4–9, making it suitable for a wide range of climates.
• Cold Tolerance: Survives temperatures as low as -30°F (-34°C).
• Drought Tolerance: Adaptable but prefers consistent moisture.
• Soil Preferences: Thrives in well-drained, fertile soils; tolerates clay and sandy soils.

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Planting and Care

• Planting Location: Prefers full sun to partial shade. Space shrubs 8–15 feet apart for optimal growth.
• Watering: Water regularly during establishment; mature plants are moderately drought-tolerant.
• Fertilization: Fertilize in spring with a balanced fertilizer to promote healthy nut production.
• Pruning: Prune in late winter to shape and remove dead or damaged wood.

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Uses

• Nut Production: Produces small, flavorful hazelnuts perfect for snacks, baking, or wildlife.
• Hedgerows and Windbreaks: Dense growth makes it ideal for creating natural barriers.
• Ornamental: Attractive foliage and form enhance landscapes.
• Wildlife: Nuts feed squirrels, deer, and birds, while dense foliage provides shelter.

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Potential Problems

• Pests: Watch for hazelnut weevils and aphids.
• Diseases: Occasionally affected by leaf spot or powdery mildew.
• Nut Competition: Nuts are often eaten by wildlife before harvest; consider protective measures.